Summary

Changes in science and technology occurring in the global, the education sector imposed in Cuba and in particular the Technical and Vocational Education (ETP), to establish a way to strengthen organized in a systematic way and with a significant opening , a constant improvement in educational change, hence the need to understand the behavior in the development of Vocational Training (FV) and guidance (OP) of the Industrial Department, which traces its scientific policy according to their needs and potential.

For this reason, the ETP needs to diagnose the actual state of the Vocational Training activity (FV) and guidance (OP), which limit the scope of the transformations applied.

Our work has aimed to investigate in this research project: “Training the Professional Technician and educational for Career and Technical Education”, how it is developing the Vocational Training (FV) and guidance (OP) to attract Students of polytechnics in the province of Holguin, as objects of study Vocational Training (FV) and guidance (OP), from diagnosis to take place to identify problems that limit the scope in the ETP and achieve expected results , solve many problems that any process of change and transformation always results.

The success of the educational work of the Industrial Department in the 2009-2010 academic year, is based on how to raise the quality of the collection in the territories, through the implementation of comprehensive diagnosis, the correct selection, characterization and income, which form the ” Actions for Vocational Training (FV) and guidance (OP) Department of Industrial and based on the work of all the factors for compliance.

Introduction

Technical and Vocational Education (TVE) are currently facing changes in its educational model, it is perfect the work done, based on entirely new ideas and concepts. A model corresponds to growing social equality, justice and needs full moral, social and cultural rights of citizens in the model of society that our people set out to create.

In this educational model appears, Professor of the ETP, this presupposes that teachers in the polytechnics and teachers of productive entities that prepare our technicians and skilled workers have a holistic and well clear of the Educational Model of ETP at remain in the institution where they work.

A revolutionary and innovative contribution to providing education to students recruited for careers in teaching and training professionals, who must be qualified with the ability to deliver activities in any area of educational work with 30 students, and provide theoretical technical subjects and practices, making them learn through educational approach to learning and personal growth, which is required for a diagnosis and differential treatment of students and the optimal use of industrial workshops, resource materials, technology and medical technology and the implementation of other priority programs of the Revolution, which influence the formation of the Bachelor of Education in the Specialty Mechanics for Technical and Vocational Education.

The success of the educational work of the Industrial Department in the 2009-2010 academic year, is based on how to raise the quality of the collection in the territories, implementing the comprehensive diagnosis, the correct selection, characterization and income, which form the Strategy for Actions Vocational Training (FV) and guidance (OP) Department of Industrial and based on the work of all the factors for compliance, which has been perfect in every year, achieving significant results in this activity which integrates the work polytechnic school and the work of the industrial department of the University of Educational Sciences.

Development

Polytechnic needs to raise the quality of education in this century, for which traces its strategies in the search for a teacher with a comprehensive general culture, so we wonder.

What characteristics should a teacher for the Bachelor of Education in Mechanical Specialty

* Possess a solid ideological basis of policy that mastering the basics of Marxism-Leninism, the Communist Manifesto, History of Cuba, History will absolve me, the Martiana Work Ideology and the Constitution and national events and internationally, enabling him to promote attitudes and communist convictions.li> Demonstrate your daily attitude and personal example, which has a system of moral values, honesty, integrity, patriotism, unconditional, anti-imperialism, responsibility, solidarity, hard work and rules of social behavior that puts them in a position to educate, not only to instruct.

* Possess commitment to the principles and ideology of the Cuban Revolution, Marxist Leninist, Marti, and Fidel, expressed in love and defend the homeland, solidarity, humanism and anti-imperialism.

* Understand and objectively take the abysmal differences between socialism and capitalism and defend the superiority of society we build.

* Explain the causes of historical dispute United States-Cuba and anti-Cuban laws, as well as the historical response of the Cuban people against U.S. aggression.

* Apply knowledge and arguments that enable them to delve into the main aspects of the Battle of Ideas “and in particular those related to compliance with the Oath of Baragua in their performance and stance in life.

* Possess reading habits of the press and intellectual interests to keep up consistently.

* Possess a comprehensive general culture, taking into account the incorporation of new technologies and the pursuit of new knowledge by itself to close in:

* 1. The mastery of language: speaking and writing correctly without spelling and demonstrating an understanding of what he reads and hears.

* 2. The development of aesthetic taste and appreciation of literature, visual arts, music, dance and film.

* 3. The historical and cultural traditions of the Cuban people.

* 4. The habit of reading as a source of knowledge and pleasure.

* 5. Knowledge of a foreign language that allows you to communicate, consult bibliography and work with technical resources and new technologies within their specialty.

* Explain the basics of Science, Education, Psychology and identify trends of thought from different schools teaching and contemporary psychologies. The methodologies for the teaching of subjects in the area, enabling it to plan, organize, implement and monitor socio creativity and cultural education teaching activities at both individual and group.

* Direct the educational process through the use of educational methods that promote affective communication, human sensitivity, emotional control, persuasion, and that focus on maximum capacity development, human talent and full social integration.

* Mastering the Journal of the corresponding level Marti University and applying them with a professional approach to teaching.

* Master the methods and techniques for making the diagnosis of the student, your group, family and community in a way that allows addressing individual and collective diversity and correctly use the school record.

* Explain the purpose and objectives of the level which is prepared as well as objectives and subject content area that will attend an interdisciplinary approach and optimal utilization of the potential of television, video and computing them efficiently used to direct the educational process suitable to the characteristics of their students and the educational environment in which their work.

* Explain the characteristics of the work of student organizations and their main statutes, which allow them to coordinate and guide activities that encourage the development of revolutionary values and beliefs in school.

* Develop a general vocational training of different professions and profiles in the different branches of science, production and services, with emphasis on teaching careers.

* Use and creatively implement the key policy documents and education area for which it is prepared.

* Plan, direct and control the independent work of students, promoting the consultation of various sources of information, reading habits, use of the priority programs and new technologies.

* Characterize the elements and methods of scientific research related to the disciplines of their area, to enable them to carry out research, based on the problem of the center where she works, and to disseminate and make the results

* Plan, implement and monitor teaching and learning strategies, promoting responsible behavior regarding the environment, saving energy, sexuality and physical and mental health, enabling them to make decisions about your future life in keeping with equity and social needs.

* Give out through the classes to the priority programs of the Revolution, so that enriches the educational process, strengthening the values in training and helping to create a general culture among its students.

* Demonstrate knowledge of computing, for use as a tool in the teaching-learning process, use it in their course to solve problems. Manage and properly explore all the new technology for use in the management of the learning process: TV, video, software, etc.

* Demonstrate the required level to a university, the basic sciences: mathematics, physics, chemistry, science behind the techniques so they can explain and apply them appropriately on the solution of problems in their specialty.

* Show an efficient performance in making related to their field of professional activity, particularly in his specialty.

* Develop an economic culture creatively linked to job training, in correspondence with the Cuban socio-economic model in the context of today’s world, based on economic thinking Cuban Marxist-Leninist theory

* Meet the educational thinking Cuban Jose de la Luz y Caballero, Felix Varela, Jose Marti, Fidel Castro, among other Cuban thinkers.

* To implement efficiently the fundamental laws of teaching, teaching methodology and technical areas.

* Apply the elements of school health and safety and hygiene standards common in production processes and services.

* Organize educational process in different ways, develop participatory techniques and work in teams.

* Show expertise to teach to learn, teach students self-assess and evaluate them properly.

* Practice and teaching practice self didacticism.

* Ability to work as a team.

* Mastering the technical and scientific content of their field of professional activity at the level that drives a college graduate. The concepts, principles, laws and categories of technical sciences in his field, so that it can successfully face the direction of the teaching and learning in any subject of their specialty.

* Have expertise, skills and capabilities to the operation, maintenance and management of existing technologies in the country, in the field of specialty, and be prepared to face the technological and scientific changes that are produced continuously from a quality management.

* Possess the physical preparation required to keep your body healthy and willing to tackle work in the workshops and laboratories.

* Be able to create learning tools and use them appropriately in the teaching-learning process.

* Apply the acquired skills to interact with parents, relatives and members of the community where they work.

* Implement programs so creative directors, and prioritized in the development of educational activities of the technical subjects they teach.

* Promote and manage Student Scientific Societies, to participate in solving problems that are reflected in the bank of them in the center that employs polytechnic.

* Tutor students in their employment practices and research.

* Working to achieve the purposes and objectives of the Technical and Vocational Education.

* Understand the capabilities and skills guiding specialist output form, and work skills that should have it.

* Apply creative in their work, legal and regulatory documents that govern the work in Technical and Vocational Education, both methodological and the organizational and the school’s cumulative record.

* Direct integration work Polytechnic-community-business, from the needs and issues as land policy are planned.

* Plot mechanical items such as parts and assembled units, freehand, with the use of tools and applying new computer technologies.

* Select materials for the manufacture of items from its allocation of service, based on economic criteria, technological and environmental.

* Designing mechanical items which integrates the elements of basic general application machines, ensuring the most useful shapes and sizes and strengths of the various elements, the proper selection of materials, tolerances and surface finish, corresponding to the allocation of service.

From the foregoing it can be considered the Professional Model race provides guarantees and helps to achieve these, so this model is given by:

Professional model

OBJECTIVES FOR YEAR:

FIRST YEAR directing activities of the Process of Technical Education and Vocational Education (hereinafter PETP) in real conditions under the guidance of a teacher with a scientific-technical preparation, educational and humanistic responsibility to promote the professional motivation, hard work, honesty, patriotism, unconditional, anti-imperialism, solidarity and responsibility as an integral part of their training, teachers and conditions of production or services, based on the ideology of the Cuban Revolution demonstrating mastery of the history of Cuba, causes fair, and of the Cuban people’s historical responses to enemy aggression.

Practical activities run the race profile with adequate scientific rigor of the teaching process conditions, production, research and services, with a deep sense of patriotism expressed in the care of productive assets.

SECOND YEAR

Direct, under the guidance of a teacher, PETP in a subject in a group class, showing their daily attitude and personal example with a system of values and norms of social behavior that put him in a position to educate, not only instruct, to have a political and ideological, which is based on: the domain of the foundations of Marxism-Leninism, the Communist Manifesto, History will absolve me, the ideas and work Martiana, the Constitution and national events and international, to enable them to promote attitudes and communist convictions, as well as the methodology for carrying out the work of political culture in school.

THIRD YEAR

Direct, under the guidance of a teacher, PETP in a subject specialty in a group class, taking into account the application of research methods in solving problems related to the fundamental activity of the Polytechnic Institute (IP) production or services and the community by encouraging professional motivation, values reached as part of their comprehensive training under conditions of teaching, research, production or services, based on the ideology of the Cuban Revolution, giving output through the class to the priority programs of the Revolution, so that enriches the educational process, through the teaching-learning strategy, promoting responsible behavior regarding the environment, saving energy, sexuality, and physical health and mental, to make informed decisions about their future life in keeping with equity and social needs.

Basing technical and general production technologies and services, taking into account the responses of production processes and services.

FOURTH YEAR

Direct, under the guidance of a teacher, PETP in some subjects of the specialty, with the introduction of partial solutions to problems of scientific-technical and pedagogical methods to the application of scientific research related to the activity of IP, production, and community services, taking into account the environmental, economic and cultural characteristics of the environment that enable them to operate with a system of knowledge and values for the promotion of revolutionary and patriotic attitudes expressed in humanism, solidarity and dignity in the exercise of the profession.

FIFTH YEAR Directing PETP using educational methods and the basics of pedagogical sciences, the psychological and teaching methodology for the training of qualified workforce the country needs and abilities of scientific principles governing production, research and services, at low cost and efficiency, taking into account the environmental dimension, creativity, promoting the love of work, labor discipline, ethical and aesthetic values of the profession and society, a culture comprehensive general to enable them to communicate and the development of the scientific world view, based on the ideology of the Cuban Revolution.

Troubleshooting pedagogical, technical, or services in the ETP through scientific research and the use of new information technologies, showing self-confidence, demand, flexibility and independence, motivated by the profession, with a critical, self-critical and responsible, being able to set goals for the short, medium and long term in their work.

OBJECTIVES.

Design Professional Teaching Process in a technical subject, based on the Bank of Problems of the Department of the Polytechnic and training of skilled workforce in the specialty, taking into account the methodological description of the program, saying a political and ideological basis of dialectical and materialistic, showing the values, qualities and capabilities inherent in professional education in the Branch.

Designing mechanical items, from its allocation of service which integrates the machine elements of general application, taking into account the forms and useful and advantageous dimensions of the various elements, the proper selection of materials, procedures to improve their properties, manufacturing process and the degree of precision of the various indicators, showing independence, creativity and appropriate political, ideological and axiological in line with the principles of our revolution and to the profession for which they are formed.

Conceptual strengthening of the student have at its core, is essential to ensure the formation of an educator with general culture, a development which should enable high-integrate into their professional work programs today are prioritized, and therefore raising the efficiency as a necessary result, the training of teachers.

Mechanics Race next several years perfecting the design of it, so on the basis of the achievements and shortcomings with regard to these two edges so important vocational training and vocational guidance, validation reports programs, disciplines and career and the diagnosis made is that it has made these actions, taking into account the weaknesses, threats, potential and strengths (SWOT) as well as the objectives to achieve in the short, medium and long term the race.

To achieve the expected results, the group has designed a system pedagogical actions, from the goals set from the collection in the territories, implementation of comprehensive diagnosis, the correct selection, characterization and income, which form the “Actions Vocational Training (FV) and guidance (OP) of the Industrial Department “and on the basis of work of all the factors for achieving compliance should increase efficiency, strengthen the political and ideological work, to achieve a comprehensive training, achieving the unconditional support that aims to raise the motivational level and study habits in future education professionals, entering our Faculty of Technical Sciences.

The author of this work is based on the points made by (M. Gomez, 1994) to refer to. “Shaping an educational strategy to insert the vocational guidance education in the educational process presupposes exploit the potential inherent in the educational components, extradocentes and out running for the school and other factors in society that directly affect the education of new generations. Among the main activities of vocational guidance education are the following: “and assumed it referred (M. Gomez , 1989), which states that “the diagnosis of pre-professional interests of students) (DIPE), this action aims at detecting the career aspirations of students and follow-up continued until the formal request trades university degrees or specialties of Professional Technical Education – hereinafter technical specialties – which are continuously recorded and valued for designing the strategy for the education of vocational guidance or redesign existing in the same mobility as interest professional manifest itself as a fundamental characteristic of personality development of students. As the author makes the following proposal.

Actions for Vocational Training (FV) and guidance (OP) of the Industrial Department.

Tasks to be performed by the pedagogical collective of the Industrial Department in the 2009-2010 academic year

Comprehensive Diagnosis

OBJECTIVE:

Diagnose weaknesses and potential of students in each center and captured territory to ensure greater quality in the entrance to teaching careers.

ACTIONS

* 1. Designing the tools necessary to implement the comprehensive assessment in context to each of the territories to implement, according to the department’s work plan.

* 2. Draw up timetable for Vocational Training (FV) and guidance (OP) of the Industrial Department.

* 3. Conduct a workshop on comprehensive diagnostic work plan according to Labor Department.

* 4. Implement the comprehensive diagnosis and tabulation of data under planning.

* 5. Conduct interviews and tabulation of data according to work plan of work of the department.

* 6. Delivery schedules catchment area schools and on schedule.

* 7. Catchment Payroll Office by the head of each facility and land to the University of Educational Sciences on schedule.

Characterization and selection of students recruited

ACTIONS

* 1. Creating the commission income in the Industrial Department and select the heads of each municipality and polytechnic center on schedule.

* 2. Perform each assigned town center and visits to control and monitor the work of PV and OP as working according to plan work.

* 3. Perform each assigned town center and visits to check the progress of the PV and OP process by finding the factors and families of students the real state of the task as workplan ..

* 4. Characterize the students picked up by central and territories as of work.

* 5. Select the students picked up by central and territories from the diagnostic results on schedule.

Motivational level, career intentions and professional reaffirmation

OBJECTIVE:

Raise the level of motivation towards the teaching profession to achieve greater professional reaffirmation.

ACTIONS

* 1. Select monitors and subjects, from the skills that show students working according to plan ..

* 2. Select High Student Achievement and motivated by race.

* 3. Make conversations related to the profession and the career of mechanics working according to plan.

* 4. To guide research work related to education in Cuba and the lives of great teachers, literacy campaign, Manuel Ascunce Pedagogical Detachment and Pedagogical Detachment ETP, among others, according to work plan.

* 5. Pay attention to the development of job training in the polytechnic.

* 6. Visit educational institutions (junior high and senior high schools and polytechnics in the country) to share with teachers and students on the PV and OP. According to work plan

* 7. Exchange of experiences with teachers of great experience in teaching, novice and monitors on the teacher’s role in the ETP.

* 8. Encuentros systematic with the Department’s teachers work in the PV and OP.

* 9. Meeting with students in training in polytechnics.

* 10. Mount exhibition on the achievements of the ETP in the territory and in Cuba.

* 11. Creating scientific societies in the polytechnic and educational circles of interest in junior high school. On schedule.

* 12. Developing Themes in educational institutions (junior high, senior high schools, polytechnics falling within the professional model and the specialties offered at the Faculty of Technical Sciences. According to work plan

* 13. Disclose to the territory in different ways the specialties offered at the Faculty Technical Sciences. According to work plan.

* 14. Declare Open Day of the centers of the ETP, and invite parents and families of students, political institutions and mass of the community and territory, to promote in schools the scientific-technical teaching, using the potential of prospective students recruited to teaching career.

Development of habits and study skills

OBJECTIVE:

Form habits of study as a way to ensure better learning and a solid general culture.

ACTION * 1. Conducting workshops to teach students to study, from the proper orientation for work in library and information processing, how to teach study. According to work plan

* 2. Making the collective methodological activities: workshops, classes, demonstrations and open classes. According to plan methodological schools.

* 3. Development of mandatory and optional consultation in accordance with the characteristics of students.

* 4. Call for review of reward and enhancement of skills. According to work plan.

* 5. Disclosure wall, morning, evening students with relevant academic results.

* 6. Creating the “Table of Merit”, for those students who have given their willingness to enter teaching careers. Wall relating to the relationship of these students and provide incentives activities with them.

* 7. Inventory and reporting basic bibliography should be consulted in the year, for the subjects.

* 8. Forming groups student scientists in the group for guardians. According to work schedule

* 9. Systematic guidance to students in the control pathways independent work in each subject.

* 10. Planning activities that encourage reading habit, to find information and employment. Contest PAEME and Paur. Marti workshop and event of changes in POLTECNICA SCHOOL. According to work plan

* 11. Design of educational activities so as to encourage a more direct work with students according to the characteristics of the group.

* 12. Use and application of methods that promote active student role in class. Preparation for the class meeting, according to work plan.

* 13. Training students to learn to use the updated information is obtained on magnetic media.

* 14. Establish steady partners in the classroom.

* 15. Conducting workshops to teach “how to work” from teaching duties and inclusive working according to plan.

Implemented, the systematic analysis and dispatches from the teachers responsible for each municipality and schools on academic results and attendance.

* I. Systematic updating of the strategy by the group of teachers. According to work plan.

Labor practice. Control data for each municipality responsible for central and

* II. Current status of the registration

Implemented, the systematic analysis and dispatches from the teachers responsible for each municipality and schools to commission income as the work plan.

CASE STUDY students.

* III. Strengthening the political and ideological work

It implements the strengthening of the CFI in systematic political analysis and commitment of students and tutors recruited in each center and from the territory:

* 1. Analysis with the factors of each site visited in the course of the PV and OP process.

* 2. Offices of militant teachers each municipality responsible for its management of the PV and OP.

* 3. Reviews and reflections on the Governing Board of the Faculty of movement of the PV and OP process.

* 4. Reviews and reflections on the meeting of the Industrial Department, the work of the centers visited and management fee income

* 5. Updating the systematic strategy for the group of teachers.

Bibliography

– Nidia Aguilar Alvarez et al. The vocational guidance of students through the teaching process. Paper. Pedagogy 90 ‘. Havana, 1990. (Manuscript in the National CDIP).

– Hector Brito Fernandez et al. General Psychology for Higher Pedagogical Institutes. Editorial People and Education. Havana, 1987. Volume III.

– Chistiakov S. and A. Grishin Design examples extraclase work in vocational guidance. Shkolnikov Vospitenie magazine. Moscow, 1974 (translation of original text in Russian. National CDIP).

– Golomshtok A. E. On the educational focus on vocational guidance. MINED. Havana, s / f. (Mimeographed document. Department Scholarship and Extracurricular Activities. Ministry of Education).

– Mauro Gomez Betancourt. Some considerations logical approach to career guidance work through the teaching of chemistry in high school. Paper. National Meeting of Researchers of educational vocational guidance. Villa Clara, 1991.

– _________, A methodology for career guidance for pre-college students to carrereras related to the chemical sciences. Optional thesis to scientific degree of Doctor in Pedagogical Sciences. Havana 1994.

– King Ferdinand and Mitjans Gonzalez Martinez Albertina. Personality, education and development. Editorial People and Education. Havana, 1991.

– Fernando Rey Gonzalez. Professional motivation in adolescents and young adults. Social Sciences Publishing House. Havana, 1983.

– Maura Gonzalez Viviana. The teacher and guidance. Reflections from a humanistic approach. Paper. Pedagogy 93 ‘. La Habana, 1993. (Summary). p. 293.

– Vicente Gonzalez Castro. Profession: communicator. Editorial Pablo de la Torriente. Havana, 1989. p. 12.

– Leontiev A.N. Activity. Consciousness. Personality. Editorial People and Education in Havana, 1975. p. 145.

– Semenov V.D. Responsibility, professional choice. Psijologuia Pedagoguika and (2). Moscow, 1989 (translation of original Russian text by Anne Acosta body).

Author’s data.

Assistant Professor. Francisco Rodriguez Castellanos, a professor of the Pedagogic University of Holguin, Cuba. With 32 years experience in Technical and Vocational Education Lla. He holds several technical graduate studies in Mechanical Specialty and Mechanization in the Technical Sciences University of Holguin “Oscar Lucero Moya” and several graduate and Graduate Career Educational, Vocational Education and Scientific Management at the University of Educational Sciences “Jose de la Luz y Caballero”

Holguin. Country. Cuba, Holguin City.

Type of work to be presented. Article.

Title. Actions for Vocational Training and Vocational Industrial Department

Research project. “The Technician training and teaching professional for Technical and Vocational Education.”

Subject line. Professional training of Technical and Vocational Education.